What does TGFB2 do?

The TGFB2 gene provides instructions for producing a protein called transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFβ-2). This protein is found throughout the body and is required for development before birth and throughout life. To carry out its functions, TGFβ-2 attaches (binds) to receptor proteins on the surface of cells.

What does the TGFBR2 gene do?

The TGFBR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) receptor type 2. This receptor transmits signals from the cell surface into the cell through a process called signal transduction.

Which are the effectors in the TGF beta signaling cascade?

Most cellular effects of TGF-β are mediated through binding to ALK5 and subsequent activation of cascades that involve the intracellular effectors Smad2 and Smad3. In certain cell types (such as endothelial cells), TGF-β may also signal by activating ALK1, thus transducing Smad1 and Smad5 cascades [6].

Is TGF pro or anti inflammatory?

Leukemia inhibitory factor, interferon-alpha, IL-6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β are categorized as either anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory cytokines, under various circumstances. Specific cytokine receptors for IL-1, TNF-α, and IL-18 also function as inhibitors for proinflammatory cytokines.

How do I block TGF beta?

The main strategies for inhibition of TGF-β signaling pathway is to include compounds that interfere with the binding of TGF-β to its receptors, drugs that block intracellular signaling, and antisense oligonucleotides.

What kind of signaling pathway is TGF?

The TGF-β family members signal via heteromeric complexes of type I and type II receptors, which activate members of the Smad family of signal transducers. The main attribute of the TGF-β signaling pathway is context-dependence.

What is the function of SMAD4?

Normal Function The SMAD4 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in transmitting chemical signals from the cell surface to the nucleus.

What are the mutations in the TGFBR2 gene?

The TGFBR2 gene mutations that cause familial TAAD disturb signal transduction. The disturbed signaling can impair cell growth and development. The disturbed signaling can impair cell growth and development.

What is the relationship between TGFB2 transforming growth factor beta 2?

7042 – Gene ResultTGFB2 transforming growth factor beta 2 [ (human)] TGFB2 transforming growth factor beta 2 [ (human)] Ectopia lentis in Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 4. Relationship between Axial Length and Levels of TGF-beta in the Aqueous Humor and Plasma of Myopic Patients.

Is there a link between TGFB2 and breast cancer?

Data indicate that TGFb1 and TGFb3, but not TGFb2, showed higher expression levels in invasive breast cancer compared to normal tissues. 4.7 Mb deletion encompassing TGFB2 is associated with features of Loeys-Dietz syndrome and osteoporosis.

How does TGF-β bind to other receptors?

A protein called TGF-β attaches (binds) to the extracellular domain of the TGF-β receptor type 2, which turns on (activates) the receptor and allows it to bind to another receptor on the cell surface. These three proteins form a complex, which triggers signal transduction by activating other proteins in a signaling pathway called the TGF-β pathway.