How does a throttle calorimeter work?

Principle: The principle of the throttling calorimeter is to throttle the wet steam so that it becomes superheated. The pressure gauge attached to the outer casing and thermometer in inner chamber gives the pressure and temperature of steam after throttling, respectively.

What is the limitation of throttling calorimeter?

Limitations : (1) This calorimeter is suitable for measurement of higher value of dryness fraction i.e. steam should not be very wet. (2) After the throttling should not be very wet .

On which principle does a throttling steam calorimeter work?

An instrument utilizing the principle of constant enthalpy expansion for the measurement of the moisture content of steam; steam drawn from a steampipe through sampling nozzles enters the calorimeter through a throttling orifice and moves into a well-insulated expansion chamber in which its temperature is measured.

Why a separating and throttling calorimeter is used?

It is a vessel used initially to separate some of the moisture from the steam, to ensure superheat conditions after throttling. The steam is made to change direction suddenly; the moisture droplets, being heavier than the vapor, drop out of suspension and are collected at the bottom of the vessel.

What happens during throttling process?

For real gases, a temperature drop parallel to the decrease in pressure is observed. Hence, a throttling process is the process of suddenly decreasing the pressure without changing the enthalpy (isenthalpic process) or utilizing work or heat.

What is the purpose of throttling process?

Throttling process is a thermodynamic process which is used to reduce or decrease the pressure of a fluid. In this process a liquid having high pressure is converted into low pressure fluid.

Why is steam less dense than water?

Considering the molecular arrangement of liquids and vapours, it is logical that the density of steam is much less than that of water, because the steam molecules are further apart from one another. The space immediately above the water surface thus becomes filled with less dense steam molecules.

What is the purpose of a throttling calorimeter?

A device used to determine the dryness fraction of a wet vapour by measuring its temperature and pressure after throttling by an orifice in an insulated chamber…. …

Does throttling increase pressure?

Throttling is a constant enthalpy process.In this process, temperature is constant. Throttling the liquid will change the pressure and velocity and has nothing to do with the temperature, since it is a constant enthalpy process as said by colleagues earlier.

Is throttling always Isenthalpic?

A throttling process is a thermodynamic process, in which the enthalpy of the gas or medium remains constant (h = const). In fact, the throttling process is one of isenthalpic processes.

Why Does entropy increase in throttling?

Ordinarily, if you had an adiabatic reversible expansion, the entropy would be constant. However, in a throttling process, there is viscous dissipation in the valve, and this just about cancels the temperature decrease from expansion. So the net effect is an entropy increase.

Is water vapor less dense than water?

When water is heated, it remains a liquid until quite a high temperature, finally boiling at 100°C to give an invisible vapor. Water vapor behaves much like any other gas. It is easily compressible. Water vapor is also much less dense than the liquid or the solid.

How does a separating and throttling calorimeter work?

The following procedure adopted for the experimentation on separating and throttling calorimeter. 1 . Start the boiler and supply steam to the separating and throttling calorimeter unit. 2 . Start the cooling water flow through the condenser. 3 . Open steam valve and allow the steam to flow through the calorimeters to warm through the steam.

Where can I get throttling calorimeter for free?

Also known as steam calorimeter. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster’s page for free fun content . is now available in paperback and eBook formats.

What does throttling to pressure mean on steam calorimeter?

Process (1-2) represents the moisture separation from the wet sample of steam at constant pressure (P1) and process (2-3) presents throttling to pressure (P2).

Where does steam go after the throttling process?

The steam after throttling process passes through the heat exchanger and condensate is collected. Steam Generator is also provided to supply the saturated steam It is a vessel with a needle valve fitted on the inlet side. The steam is throttled through the needle valve and exhausted to the condenser.