What is biorefinery concept?

A biorefinery is a facility (or network of facilities) that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce transportation biofuels, power, and chemicals from biomass. This concept is analogous to today’s petroleum refinery, which produces multiple fuels and products from petroleum.

Why biorefineries are needed?

The biorefinery concept is established to develop an alternative to fast depleting fossil fuels and environmental pollution caused by petroleum-based refinery and intended to achieve major goals [23] i.e. (a) Complete valorization of agricultural, forest, urban, and industrial organic (biomass) wastes minimizing …

What are the major issues in a biorefinery?

Issues such as high fossil-fuel price fluctuations, considerable air pollution, and the realization that fossil sources are not unlimited threaten the global economy. Hence, researchers have been attracted by biomass, especially sugarcane, as a source of renewable energy to produce bioethanol and other biofuels.

Are biorefineries sustainable?

The International Energy Agency (IEA) states that “biorefining is the sustainable synergetic processing of biomass into a spectrum of marketable food & feed ingredients, products (chemicals, materials) and energy (fuels, power, heat)” (IEA Bioenergy, 2014).

What is Algae biorefinery?

The term algae biorefinery was coined to describe the production of a wide range of chemicals and biofuels from algal biomass by the integration of bio-processing and appropriate low environmental impact chemical technologies in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable.

What do biorefineries produce?

A biorefinery is a refinery that converts biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts (such as chemicals).

What is a biorefinery platform?

A biorefinery system is described as a conversion pathway from feedstock to products, via platforms and processes. The platforms are intermediates from which final products are derived. They are the most important feature in specifying the type of biorefinery.

How does a biorefinery work?

A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and value-added chemicals from biomass. At the same time, it can generate electricity and process heat, through CHP technology, for its own use and perhaps enough for sale of electricity to the local utility.

Is biomass a energy?

Biomass is a clean, renewable energy source. Its initial energy comes from the sun, and plants or algae biomass can regrow in a relatively short amount of time.

How do biorefineries work?

A biorefinery is a refinery that converts biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts (such as chemicals). Supply the current fuels and chemical building blocks. Supply new building blocks for the production of novel materials with disruptive characteristics. Creation of new jobs, including rural areas.

What is a platform chemical?

A platform chemical is defined as a chemical that can serve as a substrate for the production of various other higher value-added products. In 2004, the Department of Energy (DOE) identified 12 chemical building blocks, that can be obtained from biomass, as potential platform chemicals (Werpy et al. 2004).

Which is the best definition of a biorefinery?

A biorefinery can be defined as the optimised use of biomass for materials, chemicals, fuels and energy applications, where use relates to costs, economics, markets, yield, environment, impact, carbon balance and social aspects.

How is capitalism defined in terms of Economics?

Capitalism Defined and Explained. #capitalism. #economics. “Capitalism” means the sector of an economy in which markets determine prices and quantities. In a “capitalist” system, both the market for goods and the market for inputs are based on voluntary action within the constraints of governmental interventions, namely taxes, subsidies,

How are pretreatment and conversion technologies used in biorefineries?

The integration of different pretreatment and conversion technologies in biorefineries can maximize the use of all biomass components and improve both the economic and the ecological efficiency of the whole value chain.

Why do we need biorefineries and biocascading approaches?

Biomass (e.g., crops, algae, and residues) has to be sustainably produced and used as efficiently as possible. Therefore, biocascading and biorefining approaches have to be applied. Such approaches help to cover future demands for food, feed, chemicals, materials, transportation fuels, power, and heat.