What is the first line of defense against the acid of the stomach?

Stomach acid kills bacteria and parasites that have been swallowed. Your urine flow flushes out pathogens from the bladder area. Skin, tears and mucus are part of the first line of defence in fighting infection.

What is the first line of Defence?

The first line of defence is your innate immune system. Level one of this system consists of physical barriers like your skin and the mucosal lining in your respiratory tract. The tears, sweat, saliva and mucous produced by the skin and mucosal lining are part of that physical barrier, too.

Is stomach acid a specific defense?

Along with the skin, to protect us on the outside, mucous in our noses and throats to capture and contain little intruders, and a cough reflex to eject foreign particles, we also have stomach acid as part of our defense system.

What is the body’s second line of defense?

The second line of defense is nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals: Phagocytic cells ingest and destroy all microbes that pass into body tissues. For example macrophages are cells derived from monocytes (a type of white blood cell).

What happens when the first line of defense skin is being damaged?

Damage to the skin, such as burns or cuts, very quickly leads to complications and infections that before modern-day antibiotics could easily prove fatal. Once the outer line of defence is breached, the body very quickly starts up its first major attack on the invading substances.

What protects the stomach from acid?

In the stomach several mucosal defence mechanisms protect the stomach against hydrochloric acid and noxious agents. The pre-epithelial protection is made up by the mucus-bicarbonate barrier. Mucus and bicarbonate, secreted by mucus cells, create a pH gradient maintaining the epithelial cell surface at near neutral pH.

What are the 3 levels of defense in the immune system?

The human body has three primary lines of defense to fight against foreign invaders, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The immune system’s three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.

What will happen if the stomach lining is damaged?

Weakness in your stomach lining allows digestive juices to damage and inflame it, causing gastritis. Having a thin or damaged stomach lining raises your risk for gastritis. A gastrointestinal bacterial infection can also cause gastritis.

Which is the first line of Defence for the body?

Particles can be bacteria or material such as dust or smoke. Stomach acid kills bacteria and parasites that have been swallowed. Your urine flow flushes out pathogens from the bladder area. Skin, tears and mucus are part of the first line of defence in fighting infection. They help to protect us against invading pathogens.

How is stomach acid a defence against infection?

Stomach acid is a chemical barrier against infection. To stop eye infections we have evolved chemicals within our tears called lysozymes. These are enzymes that destroy bacterial cells by breaking down their cell walls.

What is the role of gastric acid in preventing foodborne disease?

A gastric fluid pH of 1 to 2 is deleterious to many microbial pathogens; however, the neutralization of gastric acid by antacids or the inhibition of acid s … The secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach plays an important role in protecting the body against pathogens ingested with food or water.

How does the stomach protect the body from pathogens?

The secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach plays an important role in protecting the body against pathogens ingested with food or water.